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Preventive care adults need

What preventive exams, vaccinations, tests and screenings do you need, at what ages? These charts tell you what we recommend.

Jump down this page to recommendations for: 

Physical exams

Here's how often you should have a complete physical by your doctor.

AgeRecommendation
19 to 21 years One visit every 2 to 3 years; every year if you choose
22 years to 64 and older One visit every 2 years; every year if you choose
65 and older One visit every year

Vaccinations recommended for adults

ImmunizationRecommendation
Hepatitis A Two doses for high risk groups
Hepatitis B Three doses for high risk groups
Herpes zoster (shingles) One dose at age 60 and older
Human papillomavirus (HPV) Three dose series at ages 19 to 26 years on a 0-, 2- and 6-month schedule for females. The second dose to be given at least 4 weeks after the first. The third dose to be given at least 12 weeks after the second. There must be 24 weeks between the first and third dose.
Influenza Every year
Measles, mumps, rubella (MMR) One to two doses if not vaccinated previously or no history of the disease. For high risk groups between ages 40 and 64 and if at risk after 65.
Meningococcal For ages 19 to 24, one dose if not previously vaccinated. For high risk groups age 40 and older.
Pneumococcal One dose after age 65. If high risk, one dose before age 65 followed by a booster after age 65.
Tetanus, diptheria and pertussis (Td/Tdap) One dose of Tdap if pertussis booster not received previously regardless of when last tetanus vaccine was given. Follow with Td every 10 years.
Varicella (chicken pox) Two dose series for adults if no history of varicella and no previous vaccination

Screenings and tests recommended for adults


Assessments, screenings, and counselingRecommendation
Abdominal aortic aneurysm screening One-time screening for men between the ages of 65 and 75 who have ever smoked
Alcohol misuse screening All adults at physical exam
Anticipatory guidance for:
  • Family and intimate partner violence
  • Breast self-exam
  • Menopause counseling
  • Safety, falls and injury prevention
At physician discretion for all adults
Bacteriuria screening with urine culture (urinary tract or other infection screening) Pregnant women between 12 and 16 weeks gestation or during first prenatal visit if later
Blood pressure screening All adults at physical exam
Breast cancer screening Mammogram once every 2 years for women ages or 40 and older.
Breast feeding counseling Interventions to support and promote breast feeding for new mothers
Cervical dysplasia/cancer screening Start screening at beginning of sexual activity or at 21, whichever is first. Annual screening up to age 30. For ages 30 and older, screening every two to three years. Suggest stopping at 70 if three or more normal Pap tests in a row, no abnormal Pap test in previous 10 years and not at high risk.
Chlamydia infection, gonorrhea and syphilis screenings
Sexually transmitted infection
All sexually active adults to be screened for chlamydia, gonorrhea, syphilis, and HIV
Colorectal cancer screening Beginning at age 50, one of the following screening options:
  • Colonoscopy every 10 years
  • Flexible sigmoidoscopy every five years
  • Fecal occult blood test annually
Those with a family history (first degree relative) of colorectal cancer or adenomatous polyps: begin screening at age 40 or 10 years before the youngest case in the immediate family. Colonoscopy every five years. Consider stopping screening at age 75. Use individual consideration between ages 75 and 85. Screening is not recommended for individuals older than 85
Counseling for breast cancer chemoprevention Counseling for women at high risk for breast cancer who might benefit from chemoprevention. Discuss benefits and harms of chemoprevention.
Counseling related to BRCA screening Women at high risk
Depression screening All adults, every year during physical exam
Diabetes screening
(Type 2)
Fasting plasma glucose test every 3 years in adults with ongoing treated or untreated blood pressure greater than 135/80
Diet counseling Adults at higher risk for chronic disease
Height, weight and body mass index (BMI) All adults during physical exam
Hematocrit or hemoglobin screening Pregnant women at their first prenatal visit
Hepatitis B screening Pregnant women at their first prenatal visit
Iron deficient anemia screening On a routine basis for pregnant women
Lipoprotein profile A fasting lipoprotein profile (total cholesterol, LDL, HDL and triglycerides) once every 5 years
Medical history All adults during annual physical exam
Obesity screening and counseling Screening for obesity as well as counseling and behavioral interventions
Osteoporosis screening

A screening once every 2 years during physical exam for women 40 years and older. (Does not include density test.)

A bone mineral density test every 2 years for post-menopausal women with risk factors beginning at age 50. If no risk factors, every 2 years beginning at age 65.

Rh incompatibility screening All pregnant women on first visit and follow-up testing for women at high risk
Sexually transmitted infection (STI) prevention counseling Adults at high risk
Tobacco use screening and counseling At each visit. Includes cessation counseling and intervention for tobacco users. Expanded counseling for pregnant women.
Tuberculosis testing Adults at high risk of tuberculosis

Prescription drugs adults may need for preventive care

These drugs may be provided to you at no charge if your plan is not "grandfathered" under the Affordable Health Care Act of 2010. If your plan is "grandfathered," these prescriptions will be covered according to your prescription plan.

PrescriptionRecommendation
Folic acid supplements Women of childbearing age, 0.4 to 0.8 mg of folic acid
Low-dose aspirin therapy for the prevention of cardiovascular disease Men ages 45 to 79 years, women age 55 to 79 years, and others with risk factors for heart disease. Consult your doctor before beginning aspirin therapy.


Last modified: 1/12/2012
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